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Ukuvela kobuchwepheshe be-5G: ukusuka kumabhendi wefrikhwensi ephansi ukuya kumkhawulokudonsa we-C-band
2024-07-20 13:42:04
Njengoba umhlaba ulindele ngokulangazela ukuqaliswa okusabalele kobuchwepheshe be-5G, inkimbinkimbi yamabhendi ayo efrikhwensi ehlukahlukene kanye nomthelela wawo ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi kuya kugqanyiswa kakhulu. Ushintsho olusuka ku-4G LTE luye ku-5G luletha uchungechunge lwentuthuko kanye nezinselelo zezobuchwepheshe, kusukela ekunciphiseni ukuphazamiseka kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwengqalasizinda ye-fiber optic kanye namandla okwanda kwesivinini senethiwekhi.
Amabhendi we-5G yefrikhwensi ephansi, njengokuhlola okungu-600MHz, afana nokusebenza ku-4G LTE, ngokuhlolwa okufana ne-PIM nokuskena okubonisa izici ezifanayo. Kodwa-ke, umehluko omkhulu usengqalasizinda, njengoba ukufakwa kwe-5G kuncike kwingqalasizinda ye-fiber optic kunezintambo ezingama-coaxial. Lokhu kushintshwa kwengqalasizinda kusho izinguquko ezibalulekile kubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo obusekela amanethiwekhi e-5G, okuvula indlela yokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe nokusebenza.
Njengoba amabhendi efrikhwensi efinyelela ku-3-3.5GHz nangale kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe obunjengokwenza i-beamforming kanye ne-millimeter wave buthatha indawo emaphakathi, okubonisa ukubaluleka kwabo ekulolongeni ikusasa le-5G. I-Beamforming iyindlela yokucubungula isignali esebenzisa izimpondo eziningi ezinikezwe i-Massive MIMO ukuze kwakhe isignali egxilile phakathi kwe-antenna nedivayisi ethile yomsebenzisi, enamandla okunciphisa ukuphazamiseka nokuthuthukisa ukumbozwa kwesignali. Lobu buchwepheshe, buhlanganiswe nokusetshenziswa kwamagagasi amamilimitha, bumele ukuqhubekela phambili okukhulu ekuphishekeleni ukuxhumana kwe-5G okungenamthungo, okuphumelelayo.
Ukuvela kwamanethiwekhi azimele e-5G (SA) kulethe ushintsho lwepharadigm ekuxazululeni inkinga yokuphazamiseka. Nakuba izindawo ze-4G LTE zibhekana nokuphazamiseka okusuka kumadivayisi asetshenziswa ngokuvamile asebenza ngefrikhwensi efanayo nomakhalekhukhwini, amanethiwekhi e-5G SA asebenzisa amabhendi efrikhwensi angasebenzisi la madivayisi, okunciphisa kakhulu ukuphazamiseka. Ukwengeza, ukufakwa kobuchwepheshe be-beamforming kumanethiwekhi e-5G kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bagweme izinhlobo ezithile zokuphazamiseka, okugqamisa amandla okuthuthukisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kwenethiwekhi.
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ezithinta isivinini esingaba khona nokusebenza kahle kwamanethiwekhi e-5G umkhawulokudonsa we-C-band, ovame ukuhlinzeka ngomkhawulokudonsa obanzi we-50MHz ukuya ku-100MHz. Lo mkhawulokudonsa owandisiwe uthembisa ukunciphisa ukuminyana kwe-band futhi ukhuphule kakhulu isivinini senethiwekhi, okucatshangelwa kakhulu enkathini lapho cishe wonke umsebenzi wenziwa nge-inthanethi. Umthelela walo mkhawulokudonsa othuthukisiwe udlulela ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nokungokoqobo okungathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona, lapho isivinini sibalulekile ekuletheni ulwazi lomsebenzisi olungenazihibe futhi olugxilile.
Kafushane, ukuvela kobuchwepheshe be-5G kusuka kumabhendi emvamisa aphansi kuya kumkhawulokudonsa we-C-band kumelela umzuzu obalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kokuxhumana ngocingo. Ukuhlangana kobuchwepheshe obufana nokwenza i-beamforming, i-millimeter wave kanye nokusetshenziswa kwengqalasizinda ye-fiber optic kugqamisa amandla okuguqula amanethiwekhi e-5G. Njengoba umhlaba ulungiselela ukwamukelwa okusabalele kwe-5G, isithembiso sokukhuphuka kwesivinini, ukuphazamiseka okuncishisiwe kanye nomkhawulokudonsa owandisiwe umemezela inkathi entsha yokuxhuma nokusungula izinto ezintsha.